Interviewer instructions
Question 204: Date, Month, Year of Birth and Age
Ask the date, month and year of birth and calculate the age of the household member. Write the date, month and year of birth, and age in the boxes provided. Then put a mark in the oval beside the two numbers matching with respondent's age; the ten's digit is marked in the column on the left and the unit's digit in the column on the right. Age must be filled in, even it is only a best estimate. If the respondent does not know his/her date and/or month of birth, then leave the boxes for date and/or month blank, and ask only the year. If the respondent knows his/her year of birth, write the birth year completely in the boxes for year. If, however, the respondent also does not know the birth year, leave the boxes for date, month and year blank. Then ask the respondent to estimate his/her age and fill in only the boxes for age. If the respondent does not know the date, month, and year of birth, then his age must be estimated. Leave the boxes for date, month and year blank.
Steps to be taken in questioning are:
1. Read the entire question: "On what date, month, and year were you (Ali, for example) born?"
2. If the respondent can answer then record the date, month and year, and calculate the age of the household member, and then ask to be sure: "Is it correct that (Ali, for example) is now (27, for example) years old?" (27, for example) is the number calculated by the enumerator.
3. If the respondent does not know his/her date and month of birth, ask the year of birth only: "If you do not know the exact date and month, what year were you (Ali, for example) born?"
4. If the respondent does not know his/her year of birth, then ask the age of this household member: "How old are you (Ali, for example)?"Then fill in the answer directly in the boxes for age without filling in the boxes for date, month and year of birth.
Write the month as a number: January is written as "01", February as "02", March as "03", April is written "04", May as "05", June as "06", July as "07", August as "08", September as "09", October as "10", November as "11", and December as "12".
[p. 112]
If the respondent gives the name of the month according to the Islamic calendar, for example, Ramadhan, write the name of the month given in the space below the question and then convert that month into the Gregorian calendar. For conversion guidelines see Procedures for Calculating Age (see appendix). The same procedure is to be followed if the year of birth is given in the Islamic calendar. Calculate the age based on the month and year in the Gregorian calendar and put the result in the boxes provided.
Age is calculated in years by rounding downwards which means the age at the last birthday will be used. Explanation:
1. If the respondent is 27 years and 9 months, record 27 years.
2. If less than 1 year old, record the age as 00 year.
3. If the respondent is 98 years or older, record the age as 98 years; for example, for someone 100 years old, enter the number 98 in the boxes with the understanding that the person is 98 years or older.
4. If the age is less than 10 years (that is, the age is only 1 digit), enter 0 in the first box provided to record the age, for example 01, 02... 09.
If the respondent doesn't know anything about his date of birth or his age, then estimate the respondent's age using various approaches, references, and information. The estimate must be a best estimate. If the age is obtained based on an estimate, the enumerator may not fill in the year of birth by working backwards, but should leave the boxes for date, month, and year of birth blank.
Marking the ovals should be done after the age of the household member has been obtained; fill in the oval in the left column corresponding to the ten's digit of the age and fill in the oval in the right column corresponding to the unit's digit of the age. (See the example which follows.)
Example: Household member Atika was born 23 October 1983 and the enumeration took place on 25 May 2010; Akita's age is 26 years 7 months. Record the age for Q204 as follows:
[The graphic illustrating this example is not presented here.]
[p. 113]
Method of Estimating Age
If the respondent doesn't know his age with certainty, try to obtain some information about his age using, among others, the methods described below:
1. Use a birth certificate, a letter about the birth, baptismal certificate, doctor's record, immunization record, health record or any other record. Pay attention to the date, month and year the population registration card or the family registration card was issued if only the age is recorded.
2. Relate the respondent's birth with the date, month, and year of known events or important events which happened in Indonesia or national or regional events.
Example: General elections, earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, fires, election of local officials, and the like. Some other important events that can be used in estimating age are:
a. Landing of the Japanese in Indonesia (1942).
b. Proclamation of Independence of the Republic of Indonesia (1945).
c. First elections (1955).
d. Communist Rebellion G30S/PKI (1965).
[Note within graphic box:] If the respondents have a tendency to give their age in numbers that end in 0 or 5, the enumerator must investigate further to be sure that the age is correct.
[p. 114]
3. Compare the age of a household member with the ages of his family members which are known. For example, begin by estimating the age of the youngest child, then for the next oldest child asking the approximate age or what things the older child could do such as sit up (about 6 months), crawl (8 months), stand up (9 months), walk (12 months) at the time of the birth of the younger child or at the time the mother became pregnant with the younger child. Then use this same technique to estimate the ages of all of the older children.
4. Make a comparison with a neighbor's child or with another family member whose age is known with certainty. Estimate how many months or years this child is older or younger than the child whose age is known.
It is not so rare that a respondent who says he doesn't have any idea what his age is, when asked again and again about his age will say "Whatever you want it to be." In cases like this, the enumerator must patiently follow again the methods outlined for determining the age.
Information on age must be filled in directly at the time Q204 is asked. Don't procrastinate.