Literal question
For persons age 10 or older
[Questions 215-218 were asked of persons age 10 or older.]
[Questions 217-218 were asked of persons age 10 or older who worked or were on temporary leave during the previous week.]
218. What was [the respondent's] employment status during the previous week?
[] 1 Self-employed
[] 2 Self-employed, assisted by unpaid temporary employees
[] 3 Employer, assisted by paid permanent employees
[] 4 Employee
[] 5 Casual worker
[] 6 Unpaid family worker
Interviewer instructions
Household Members 10 Years or Older
Questions 215 through 218 are asked to household members who are 10 years of age or older. See Q204; if 10, 11, 12... 98 have been entered, then the relevant household member must be asked Q215 through Q218 where appropriate.
Questions 216 through 218: Labor Force
The objective of Q216 and Q218 is to obtain information about the labor force situation which covers activities carried out during the previous week, the main industry of that work, and the employment status of that main work activity.
Question 218: Status/Position of Main Job
192. Ask the status or position of the household member in his primary job. Put a mark beside the appropriate answer.
Job Status
1. Self employed is a job or activity in which a person takes all the economic risk including the risk of not being able to recover the cost of the production incurred, also without using either paid or unpaid workers. This includes situations where technology or expertise is required.
[p. 138]
Explanation:
If a company is founded by more than one person and no laborers/employees are used, each of the founders has the status of self employed.
Example:
A freelance driver (one who does not receive a salary) who uses the deposit system, pedicab driver, carpenter, stonemason, electrician, masseur, one who digs wells, newspaper agent, one who uses a motorbike to give people rides, merchant who works alone, doctor/midwife/shaman who has his/her own practice, ticket broker, real estate broker, and the like.
2. Self employed assisted by temporary laborers or unpaid workers is work or an endeavor at one's own risk and laborers/workers/employees are unpaid or temporary.
Example:
1. A food stall/store owner who is assisted by a member of the household who is unpaid or some other person who is paid based on the days he/she works.
2. Traveling merchant who is assisted by a temporary worker.
3. Traveling merchant who is assisted by a worker who is paid only when he/she works.
4. A farmer who works his farm land assisted by an unpaid worker. Even though the farmer shares part of the harvest with the worker, the worker is not considered a permanent worker.
3. Employer assisted by paid permanent workers is an endeavor at one's own risk in which at least one permanent, paid laborer/worker/employee is employed.
[p. 139]
Examples:
1. Shop owner who employs one or more permanent workers.
2. Cigarette factory which has permanent workers.
4. Laborer/worker/employee is a person who is employed by another person or institution/office/business on a permanent basis and receives wages/salary in the form of cash or kind. A worker who does not have a permanent employer is not classified as a laborer/worker/employee but as a casual worker. A worker is considered to have a permanent employer if he had the same employer as he had last month; in the construction sector a respondent would be considered a worker if he worked for the same employer for at least three months.
Examples:
1. Rico is a construction worker who has been repairing the house of Mr. Bedu for four months. Rico is classified as a laborer/worker/employee.
2. A housemaid who does not live in her employer's household but just works there is classified as a laborer/worker/employee.
5. Casual worker includes casual workers in agriculture and in non agriculture.
Casual Agricultural worker is a person who works temporarily for another person/employer/institution (more than one employer during the last month) in agriculture in the form of a household endeavor or not a household endeavor and gives his/her services in exchange for wages or payment in cash or in kind either using a daily payment system or a contract.
An agricultural endeavor includes food crop agriculture, plantations, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and hunting, and includes agricultural services.
An employer is a person or party that gives work and makes the payment agreed upon.
[p. 140]
Examples of a person who has the status of employer:
1. A rice farmer who employs a farm worker to harvest the rice and pays him a daily wage.
2. A plantation entrepreneur who hires a person to gather coconuts and pays him a wage.
Examples of casual agricultural worker:
1. Laborer who harvests rice,
2. Laborer who tills a rice/agricultural field,
3. Laborer who collects sap from rubber trees,
4. Laborer who catches shrimp from a pond,
5. Laborer who picks coffee, coconuts, cloves and the like.
Non agricultural casual worker is a person who works temporarily for another person/employer/institution (more than one employer during the last month), in a nonagricultural sector and receives a wage or payment in cash or in kind either with a daily payment system or a contract. Nonagricultural includes all sectors other than agriculture.
Examples of nonagricultural casual workers:
Porters in a market, station or other place who don't have a permanent employer, a recruiter for public transportation, traveling laundress, someone who picks through the trash, construction worker, someone directing parking, and the like.
6. Family or unpaid worker is someone who works assisting someone else without wages/salary neither in cash nor in kind.
[p. 141]
Family or unpaid workers can consist of:
1. A member of the household of the person assisted such as a wife who helps her husband in the rice field.
2. Not a member of the household but a member of the family of the person being assisted such as a sibling/relative who helps with sales in a food stall.
3. Not a member of the household or a member of the family of the person being assisted such as one who helps weave hats in a neighbor's cottage industry.
