Forced Displacement Survey, 2025

Zambia, 2025

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Reference ID

UNHCR_ZMB_2025_FDS_v2.1

Producer(s)

UNHCR

Collections

Southern Africa UNHCR's Forced Displacement Survey

Metadata

Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON

Created on

Nov 13, 2025

Last modified

Nov 13, 2025

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Data file: Random member

This file contains the data collected during the survey (random member dataset).

Cases:	4299
Variables:	1339

Variables

EMP06b

EMP06b - Was this work that you mentioned in farming or rearing farming animals, fishing or fish farming, or none of these?

EMP06c

EMP06c - Thinking about this work, are the products intended only for sale, mainly for sale, only for family use, or mainly for family use?

EMP06d

EMP06d - How many hours did you spend doing this work during the past 7 days? If the respondent has difficulty determining the number of hours, please probe. For example, you could ask him/her: “How many days did you work in the past 7 days” and “How man

EMP07_1

EMP07_1 - In what kind of place do you typically work?

EMP07_2

EMP07_2 - Where is this job located? Inside or outside refugee camp/settlement?

EMP09

EMP09 - Do you work as a paid employee, as a paid apprentice/intern/volunteer, as a paid incentive worker, in your own business, helping in a family or household business, or other?

EMP10

EMP10 - In this job are you working in the government or a state-owned enterprise; a farm; a private non-farm business; a household as a domestic worker; an NGO; non-profit institution; religious institution; an international organization including UNCHR

EMP10_1

EMP10_1 - Do you have an agreement with a document or without document for the work you do?

EMP10_2

EMP10_2 - Is your agreement: for a specific period of time; until the date a task is completed; permanent or until retirement; or ongoing with no specific end date?

EMP10_3

EMP10_3 - Is your work seasonal?

EMP10_4

EMP10_4 - Does your employer pay contributions to the [Pension Fund/ Health/ Unemployment Insurance] for you?

EMP10_5

EMP10_5 - Do you get paid annual leave?

EMP10_6

EMP10_6 - Would you get paid sick leave in case of illness or injury?

EMP10_6a

EMP10_6a - Would you get paid [maternity/paternity] leave [if you deliver a child/if your spouse delivers a child]?

EMP10_6b

EMP10_6b - How did you find this job?

EMP10_6c

EMP10_6c - Who usually makes the decisions about the running of the family business, you, you together with others, other family members only, other non-related person(s) only?

EMP10_7

EMP10_7 - Including yourself, how many people currently work in this business?

EMP10_8a

EMP10_8a - Are any of the people who work for your business your family members?

EMP10_8b

EMP10_8b - Refugees?

EMP10_8d

EMP10_8d - Nationals from the ${hostcountry}

EMP10_10

EMP10_10 - Is this business you work for incorporated? For example, as a [limited company or partnership]?

EMP10_11

EMP10_11 - Is this business registered in the [National Business Register]?

EMP10_12

EMP10_12 - What kind of accounts or records does the business keep: A complete set of written accounts for tax purposes; simplified written accounts not for tax purposes; Informal records of orders, sales, purchases; or no records kept?

EMP10_14

EMP10_14 - How many hours do you usually work per week in this main job?

EMP10_15a

EMP10_15a - In your main job, are you paid for time spent on the job or for the completion of specific tasks?

EMP10_15

EMP10_15 - How many weeks per month do you usually work in this main job?

EMP10_16

EMP10_16 - How many days per week do you usually work in this main job?

EMP10_17

EMP10_17 - How many hours per day do you usually work at this main job?

EMP10_18

EMP10_18 - What is the easiest way for you to report how much you earn in this main job, per hour, day, week, every two weeks, or month, year?

EMP10_18_label

EMP10_18_label2

EMP10_19_amount

EMP10_19_amount - Amount:

EMP10_19_currency

EMP10_19_currency - Currency:

EMP10_19a_amount

EMP10_19a_amount - Amount:

EMP10_19a_currency

EMP10_19a_currency - Currency:

EMP10_19b

EMP10_19b - What is the easiest way for you to report how much time you spent to complete this task? In hours, days, weeks or months?

EMP10_19b_label

EMP10_19b_label2

EMP10_19c

EMP10_19c - Approximately, how many ${EMP10_19b_label2} did you spend to complete this task?

EMP11a

EMP11a - Which of the following statements best describes your skills in relation to what is needed for your [job/business]. Would you say: my skills correspond to the skills needed; I have skills to carry out more complex tasks; or my skills need to be f

EMP12

EMP12 - In the past 7 days, did you do any other work to make money, even for 1 hour, for example, casual, part-time, odd jobs, making things to sell. Please do not include farming and fishing for family use.

EMP16_2

EMP16_2 - How many hours do you usually work per week in this secondary job?

EMP18

EMP18 - Did you engage in any other work to make money in the past 7 days. Please do not include farming or fishing for family use, and selling ration.

EMP19

EMP19 - How many hours do you usually work per week in all these other activities?

EMP20

EMP20 - During the past 30 days, did you look for additional jobs or other paid work?

EMP21

EMP21 - Would you want to work more hours per week than usually worked, if the extra hours are paid?

EMP22

EMP22 - Could you start working more hours within the next 14 days?

EMP23

EMP23 - In addition to the work you just discussed: During the past 7 days, did you engage in farming, livestock rearing or fishery without pay, to produce food for the family?

EMP24

EMP24 - How many hours did you spend doing this work during the past 7 days?

EMP25a

EMP25a - During the past 30 days, did you do anything to find a paid job?

EMP25aa

EMP25aa - During the past 30 days, did you do anything to start a business?

Emp25b

Emp25b - What is the main reason why you did not do anything to find a paid job in the past 30 days?

Emp25bb

Emp25bb - What is the main reason why you did not do anything to start a business in the past 30 days?

EMP27

EMP27 - At present, do you want to work?

EMP29

EMP29 - Could you start working within the next 14 days if you were offered a job?

EMP30

EMP30 - Which of the following best describes what you are mainly doing at present?

Exp01_random1

Exp01_random2

Exp01a

Exp01a - Caring for children

Exp01aTrigger

Exp01c

Exp01c - Caring for sick or disabled people

Exp01d

Exp01d - Making/mending clothing

Exp01e

Exp01e - Preparing meals/Baking

Exp01f

Exp01f - Cultivating crops

Exp01g

Exp01g - Taking care of livestock

Exp01h

Exp01h - Fishing

Exp01i

Exp01i - Handicraft activities

Exp01j

Exp01j - Selling or trading products

Exp01k

Exp01k - Making furniture

Exp01l

Exp01l - House construction

Exp01m

Exp01m - Coaching/teaching

Exp01n

Exp01n - Photography/Film-making

Exp01o

Exp01o - Hairdressing/aesthetic care

Exp01p

Exp01p - Have you developed any other skill by experience, either through paid or unpaid work, or at home?

Exp02a

Exp02a - Caring for children

Exp02c

Exp02c - Caring for sick or disabled people

Exp02d

Exp02d - Making/mending clothing

Exp02e

Exp02e - Preparing meals/Baking

Exp02f

Exp02f - Cultivating crops

Exp02g

Exp02g - Taking care of livestock

Exp02h

Exp02h - Fishing

Exp02i

Exp02i - Handicraft activities

Exp02j

Exp02j - Selling or trading products

Exp02k

Exp02k - Making furniture

Exp02l

Exp02l - House construction

Exp02m

Exp02m - Coaching/teaching

Exp02n

Exp02n - Photography/Film-making

Exp02o

Exp02o - Hairdressing/aesthetic care

Exp02p

Exp02p - ${Exp01q_calc}

Exp03

Exp03 - Have you ever run a business? Please think of any experience, both in your ${origincountry} and in any other country where you have lived.

Exp04_months

Exp04_months - Nb of months:

Exp04_years

Exp04_years - Nb of years:

Exp05

Exp05 - If your experience in running business is in more than one business, tell us about the most recent one. What was the main activity of this business?

Skills00

Skills00 - Can you read this note?

Skill01a

Skill01a - Can you read the following items easily, with some difficulty, with lots of difficulty or you cannot read it at all? Phone messages on platforms like WhatsApp, Messenger, Instagram.

Skill01b

Skill01b - Letters/Emails from family members, relatives, or friends.

Skill01c

Skill01c - Posts on social media platforms like Twitter or Facebook.

Skill01d

Skill01d - Newspapers or magazines

Skills03a

Skills03a - In the past 12 months, was your reading done in the following language? a. your native language

Skills03b

Skills03b - b. one of the languages of ${hostcountry}: specify which one(s)

Skills03c

Skills03c - c. another foreign language: specify

Skills06a

Skills06a - Can you do any of the following easily, with some difficulty, with lots of difficulty or you cannot do it at all? Measure sizes and weights.

Skills06b

Skills06b - Calculate prices

Skills06c

Skills06c - Perform any other multiplication or division

Skills06d

Skills06d - Can you use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages easily, with some difficulty, with lots of difficulty or you cannot do it at all?

Skills38a

Skills38a - On a normal day in your everyday life, do you use the following devices: a mobile phone

Skills38b

Skills38b - a smartphone

Skills38c

Skills38c - a tablet

Skills41a

Skills41a - How would you evaluate your level in… sending/receiving E-mails? Beginner level, intermediate level, or expert level?

Skills41b

Skills41b - Making Internet calls/video calls

Skills41c

Skills41c - Finding information on the internet

Skills41d

Skills41d - Learning/studying online

Skills42a

Skills42a - Do you have a driving licence a. to drive a car?

Skills42b

Skills42b - b. to drive a truck?

Skills42b_EndTime

JobLegal1

JobLegal1 - To the best of your knowledge, do you have the right to work legally in ${hostcountry}?

JobLegal1_StartTime

JobLegal5

JobLegal5 - To the best of your knowledge, do you have the right to apply for a employment permit in ${hostcountry}?

JobLegal2

JobLegal2 - Do you have an employment permit in ${hostcountry}, a document that shows that you have the right to work legally?

JobLegal3

JobLegal3 - Could you please show me this employment permit?

JobLegal4

JobLegal4 - Is your employment permit valid?

JobLegal6

JobLegal6 - Why is your employment permit no longer valid?

JobLegal6_OT

JobLegal6_99

JobLegal6_98

JobLegal6_4

JobLegal6_3

JobLegal6_2

JobLegal6_1

JobLegal7

JobLegal7 - Have you ever tried to apply for an employment permit in ${hostcountry}?

JobLegal8

JobLegal8 - After you applied, why was your application for the employment permit not approved?

JobLegal8_OT

JobLegal8_99

JobLegal8_98

JobLegal8_3

JobLegal8_2

JobLegal8_1

JobLegal9

JobLegal9 - Why have you not tried to apply for an employment permit?

JobLegal9_OT

JobLegal9_99

JobLegal9_4

JobLegal9_3

JobLegal9_2

JobLegal9_1

JobLegal10

JobLegal10 - To the best of your knowledge, do you have the right to apply for a business or investor's permit in ${hostcountry}?

JobLegal11

JobLegal11 - Do you have a business or investor's permit in ${hostcountry}, a document that shows that you have the right to start or invest in a business in ${hostcountry}?

JobLegal12

JobLegal12 - Could you please show me this business or investor's permit?

JobLegal13

JobLegal13 - Is your business or investor's permit valid?

JobLegal14

JobLegal14 - Why is your business or investor's permit no longer valid?

JobLegal14_OT

JobLegal14_99

JobLegal14_98

JobLegal14_4

JobLegal14_3

JobLegal14_2

JobLegal14_1

JobLegal15

JobLegal15 - Have you ever tried to apply for an business or investor's permit in ${hostcountry}?

JobLegal16

JobLegal16 - After you applied, why was your application for the business or investor's permit not approved?

JobLegal16_OT

JobLegal16_99

JobLegal16_98

JobLegal16_3

JobLegal16_2

JobLegal16_1

JobLegal17

JobLegal17 - Why have you not tried to apply for an business or investor's permit?

JobLegal17_OT

JobLegal17_99

JobLegal17_5

JobLegal17_4

JobLegal17_3

JobLegal17_2

JobLegal17_1

JobFacil2

JobFacil2 - ${inhostcountry} have you ever heard of any job search assistance program? This is a program that is designed to help people find jobs.

JobFacil2.0

JobFacil2.0 - In the past 12 months ${whilehostcountry}, did you take part in any job search assistance program?

JobFacil2.6

JobFacil2.6 - What is the main reason why you did not take part in any job search assistance program in the past 12 months ${whilehostcountry}?

JobFacil3

JobFacil3 - In the past 12 months ${whilehostcountry}, did you visit any job centre?

JobFacil3.1

JobFacil3.1 - What is the main reason why you didn’t visit any job centre?

JobSearch1.1

JobSearch1.1 - lack of reading and writing skills ${hostcountrylanguages}?

JobSearch1.2

JobSearch1.2 - lack of computer/digital skills?

JobSearch1.3

JobSearch1.3 - lack of legal documents?

JobSearch1.4

JobSearch1.4 - discrimination in the labour market?

JobSearch1.5

JobSearch1.5 - Is there anything else that ever kept you from getting a job, a promotion, or a pay rise ${inhostcountry}?

JobSearch2.1

JobSearch2.1 - lack of reading and writing skills ${hostcountrylanguages}

JobSearch2.2

JobSearch2.2 - lack of computer/digital skills?

JobSearch2.3

JobSearch2.3 - lack of legal documents?

JobSearch2.4

JobSearch2.4 - discrimination in access to financial services?

JobSearch2.5

JobSearch2.5 - Is there anything else that ever held you back from starting or advancing your business or your own income generating activity ${inhostcountry}?

JobSearch3

JobSearch3 - When applying for a job ${inhostcountry}, has any employer ever asked you to prove, or demonstrate your education qualifications, or work experience?

JobSearch3.1

JobSearch3.1 - What kind of proof did they ask for? If proofs were requested for more than one job application, refer to the most recent.

JobSearch3.1_RF

JobSearch3.1_OT

JobSearch3.1_DK

JobSearch3.1_D

JobSearch3.1_C

JobSearch3.1_B

JobSearch3.1_A

JobSearch3.2

JobSearch3.2 - Did you submit the requested documents?

JobSearch3.3

JobSearch3.3 - To the best of your knowledge, do you know if the submitted documents have been accepted as valid by the employer?

DW_random1

DW_random2

DW01_6

DW01_6 - Make repairs to your home, furniture, vehicle, or appliances

DW01_6_ID

DW01_6_ID - Select the household member

DW01_2

DW01_2 - Do the laundry/wash cloth

DW01_2_ID

DW01_2_ID - Select the household member

DW01_4

DW01_4 - Shop for the household

DW01_4_ID

DW01_4_ID - Select the household member

DW01_3

DW01_3 - Cook

DW01_3_ID

DW01_3_ID - Select the household member

DW01_7

DW01_7 - Collect water for your household

DW01_7_ID

DW01_7_ID - Select the household member

DW01_8

DW01_8 - Collect firewood for the household

DW01_8_ID

DW01_8_ID - Select the household member

DW01_10

DW01_10 - Take care of the elderly or disabled

DW01_10_ID

DW01_10_ID - Select the household member

DW01_9

DW01_9 - Take care of children

DW01_9_ID

DW01_9_ID - Select the household member

DW01_1

DW01_1 - Clean the house

DW01_1_ID

DW01_1_ID - Select the household member

DW01_5

DW01_5 - Manage household finances

DW01_5_ID

DW01_5_ID - Select the household member

DW_random3

DW_random4

MD01_1

MD01_1 - Routine purchases for the household

MD01_1_ID

MD01_1_ID - Select the household member

MD01_2

MD01_2 - Occasional more expensive purchases for the household

MD01_2_ID

MD01_2_ID - Select the household member

MD01_3

MD01_3 - The time you spend in paid work

MD01_3_ID

MD01_3_ID - Select the household member

MD01_4

MD01_4 - The time your (spouse/ partner/) spends in paid work

MD01_4_ID

MD01_4_ID - Select the household member

MD01_5

MD01_5 - The way children are raised

MD01_5_ID

MD01_5_ID - Select the household member

MD01_6

MD01_6 - Your family social life and leisure activities

MD01_6_ID

MD01_6_ID - Select the household member

MD01_7

MD01_7 - Who you spend time with

MD01_7_ID

MD01_7_ID - Select the household member

MD01_8

MD01_8 - Who your (spouse/partner) spend time with

MD01_8_ID

MD01_8_ID - Select the household member

MD01_9

MD01_9 - Having children?

MD01_9_ID

MD01_9_ID - Select the household member

TP_random1

TP_random2

TP_random3

TP_random4

TR02_1

TR02_1 - Community Elders of your community

TR02_1trigger

TR02_2

TR02_2 - Community Chief of your community like Paramount chief or senior chief

TR02_3

TR02_3 - Do you trust or don’t trust elected representatives of your refugees’ community

TR02_4

TR02_4 - Community elders of host community

TR02_5

TR02_5 - Community chief of host community

TR02_6

TR02_6 - Community leaders of your refugees’ community

TR02_7

TR02_7 - Religious leaders like priests or pastors

TR02_8

TR02_8 - Teachers in local schools

TR02_1_EndTime

PP01_1

PP01_1 - Do you have the right to vote in ${hostcountry} national elections?

PP01_2

PP01_2 - In ${hostcountry} local election?

PP02_1

PP02_1 - Have you ever voted in ${hostcountry} national election?

PP02_2

PP02_2 - In ${hostcountry} local election?

PP05

PP05 - Have you ever run for any position in your refugee camp election

PP06

PP06 - Do you plan to run for any position in the next refugee camp election?

TP_random5

TP_random6

TP_random7

TP_random8

PL01_1

PL01_1 - Religious organization

PL01_2

PL01_2 - Sport or recreational organization, football/baseball/rugby team

PL01_3

PL01_3 - Educational organization

PL01_4

PL01_4 - Labor/Trade Union

PL01_5

PL01_5 - Political party/political youth organization

PL01_6

PL01_6 - Cultural organization such as theatre, choir, band

PL01_7

PL01_7 - Professional associations

PL01_8

PL01_8 - Humanitarian or charitable organization

PL01_9

PL01_9 - Self-help group, mutual aid group

PL01_10

PL01_10 - Women’s group

PL01_11

PL01_11 - Organization of Persons with Disabilities?

PL01_12

PL01_12 - Refugees organization

PL01_13_ot

PL01_13_ot - Other organization

PL01_14

PL01_14 - Are you a leader, an active member, or an inactive member of this organization?

FI01

FI01 - An account can be used to save money, to make or to receive payments, or to receive wages or financial help. Do you, either by yourself or together with someone else, currently have an account at a bank or another type of formal financial instituti

FI01_EndTime

FI02

FI02 - An ATM/debit card is a card connected to an account at a financial institution that allows you to withdraw money, and the money is taken out of THAT ACCOUNT right away. Do you, personally, have a/an ATM/debt card in ${inhostcountry}?

FI04

FI04 - Do you currently have a bank account in ${origincountry} or in any country other than ${hostcountry}?

FI06

FI06 - Can you withdraw money from this account(s)?

FI08

FI08 - Have you ever had an account at a bank or another type of formal financial institution ${inhostcountry}?

FI09

FI09 - Please tell me what are the reasons why you, personally, DO NOT have an account at a bank or another type of formal financial institution ${inhostcountry}.

FI09_X

FI09_K

FI09_J

FI09_I

FI09_H

FI09_G

FI09_F

FI09_E

FI09_D

FI09_C

FI09_B

FI09_A

FI10

FI10 - In the past 12 months, have you personally used a mobile phone to make payments, buy things, or to send or receive money using a service such as Zamtel, Airtel Money and MTN Money (MoMo) and other non-telecom providers: Kazang, SpeedPay, Zoona and

FI11_1

FI11_1 - In the PAST 12 MONTHS, have you, personally, saved or set aside any money by using an account at a bank or another type of formal financial institution?

FI11_2

FI11_2 - How about by using a mobile money account?

Total: 1339

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