Population Census; Building and Housing Census 1991 - IPUMS Subset
Austria, 1991
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Reference ID
WBG_AUT_1991_PHC_v01_M_v02_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
Austrian Central Statistical Office, Minnesota Population Center
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Metadata
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May 19, 2021
Last modified
May 19, 2021
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- Data files
- AUT1991-H-H
- AUT1991-P-H
Socio-economic group (of supporter) (AT1991A_0425)
Data file: AUT1991-P-H
Overview
Valid:
0
Invalid:
0
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
173
End:
174
Width:
2
Range:
1 - 13
Format:
Numeric
Questions and instructions
Literal question
10. Are you:
[] a. Employed: please answer questions 11 to 16.
[] Full-time work (33 and more hours per week)
[] Part-time work (12 to 32 hours per week)
Employers, the self-employed, farmers, as well as workers in the family business are considered to be employed if they work 12 hours a week or more.
[If you are economically active,] Please answer questions 11 to 16.
[] b. Not economically active, but:
[] Unemployed
[] On parental leave, maternity leave
[If you are unemployed or on parental leave, maternity leave], please answer questions 11 to 13 on your last occupation.
If you have never worked before and are looking for a job, answer question 12 with "no profession yet".
[This question was asked of those who were on parental or maternity leave.]
Were you unemployed at the time you entered maternity leave?:
[] Yes
[] No
[] Military service, replacement service: Please answer question 15 and 16 for your journey to the barracks or to your place of service.
[] Retirement benefits from own employment: Please answer questions 11 and 12 on your last occupation.
[] Widow's pension
[] Homemaker
[] Pupil, student: Please answer questions 14 to 16 on the school you are presently attending
[] Child presently not attending school
[] Other livelihood: e.g. rent, alimony, social aid, financial support through relatives, etc.
11. Status in employment
[] Skilled worker
[] Semi-skilled worker
[] Unskilled worker
[] In an apprenticeship
[] Employee, civil servant
[] Self-employed without employees
[] Unpaid family worker
Persons under 15 years of age are not required to answer this question.
10. Are you: the situation in the last weeks prior to the census day applies in answering this question: in cases of doubt, the situation on May 15, 1991 applies.
Employed: Persons over the age of 15 working 12 hours or more per week are considered "employed". This also included those persons who are self-employed or who are unpaid workers in a family business.
Full-time or part-time: employed persons mark whether they are working full-time or part-time. The limit for full-time work is the 33-hour week, so that e.g. teachers mark "full-time work" if they have a full teaching commitment. Other professional groups, such as free-lancers, judges, etc. also mark "full-time work" even if their weekly working hours are less than 33. This also applies to employees in businesses with "shortened schedules". If several activities are performed in part-time, "full-time work" is to be marked, provided that the sum of these activities adds up to 33 or more working hours per week.
Unemployed: Persons over the age of 15 years are considered unemployed if they are not in employed and are seeking work or an apprenticeship, regardless whether they are receiving unemployment or relief benefits or not.
Persons who have never been employed and are presently seeking work or an apprenticeship also mark "unemployed" and put down "no profession yet" for questions 12 (exact description of occupation). These persons may also skip questions 11 and 13.
Pensioners are persons receiving their own retirement benefits and/or survivors' pension benefits and are not engaged in an occupation with a minimum average of 12 working hours per week.
Homemakers: this box is marked by persons who are occupied with work in their own household and are supported by their spouse (companion).
Pupils, students: persons who are not employed (with at least 12 working hours per week) and are presently attending a school, university, etc. mark this box and answer questions 14 to 16 on their schooling.
Persons presently receiving practical vocational training, such as persons being trained as teachers, persons in an apprenticeship, trainees, unpaid trainees, police students, nurse trainees, etc. mark "full-time work" and answer questions 11 to 16 with regard to this vocational training.
Persons being vocationally retrained, provided that their employment is maintained or they receive health insurance through the labor administration, mark the box "full-time work", and in question 11 to 16 give statements regarding your prior profession (not "employment agency").
Persons attending vocational preparatory courses: if this is a full-time course these persons mark "pupils, students", if this is an evening course, mark the box "other livelihood".
Persons receiving "Sondernotstandshilfe" are not considered unemployed and mark "other livelihood".
Other livelihood is marked in cases of e.g. rent, support through relatives, receipt of alimony, social aid, special aid, special supplementary retirement payment, etc.
[] a. Employed: please answer questions 11 to 16.
[] Full-time work (33 and more hours per week)
[] Part-time work (12 to 32 hours per week)
Employers, the self-employed, farmers, as well as workers in the family business are considered to be employed if they work 12 hours a week or more.
[If you are economically active,] Please answer questions 11 to 16.
[] b. Not economically active, but:
[] Unemployed
[] On parental leave, maternity leave
[If you are unemployed or on parental leave, maternity leave], please answer questions 11 to 13 on your last occupation.
If you have never worked before and are looking for a job, answer question 12 with "no profession yet".
[This question was asked of those who were on parental or maternity leave.]
Were you unemployed at the time you entered maternity leave?:
[] Yes
[] No
[] Military service, replacement service: Please answer question 15 and 16 for your journey to the barracks or to your place of service.
[] Retirement benefits from own employment: Please answer questions 11 and 12 on your last occupation.
[] Widow's pension
[] Homemaker
[] Pupil, student: Please answer questions 14 to 16 on the school you are presently attending
[] Child presently not attending school
[] Other livelihood: e.g. rent, alimony, social aid, financial support through relatives, etc.
11. Status in employment
[] Skilled worker
[] Semi-skilled worker
[] Unskilled worker
[] In an apprenticeship
[] Employee, civil servant
[] Self-employed without employees
[] Unpaid family worker
Persons under 15 years of age are not required to answer this question.
10. Are you: the situation in the last weeks prior to the census day applies in answering this question: in cases of doubt, the situation on May 15, 1991 applies.
Employed: Persons over the age of 15 working 12 hours or more per week are considered "employed". This also included those persons who are self-employed or who are unpaid workers in a family business.
Full-time or part-time: employed persons mark whether they are working full-time or part-time. The limit for full-time work is the 33-hour week, so that e.g. teachers mark "full-time work" if they have a full teaching commitment. Other professional groups, such as free-lancers, judges, etc. also mark "full-time work" even if their weekly working hours are less than 33. This also applies to employees in businesses with "shortened schedules". If several activities are performed in part-time, "full-time work" is to be marked, provided that the sum of these activities adds up to 33 or more working hours per week.
Unemployed: Persons over the age of 15 years are considered unemployed if they are not in employed and are seeking work or an apprenticeship, regardless whether they are receiving unemployment or relief benefits or not.
Persons who have never been employed and are presently seeking work or an apprenticeship also mark "unemployed" and put down "no profession yet" for questions 12 (exact description of occupation). These persons may also skip questions 11 and 13.
Pensioners are persons receiving their own retirement benefits and/or survivors' pension benefits and are not engaged in an occupation with a minimum average of 12 working hours per week.
Homemakers: this box is marked by persons who are occupied with work in their own household and are supported by their spouse (companion).
Pupils, students: persons who are not employed (with at least 12 working hours per week) and are presently attending a school, university, etc. mark this box and answer questions 14 to 16 on their schooling.
Persons presently receiving practical vocational training, such as persons being trained as teachers, persons in an apprenticeship, trainees, unpaid trainees, police students, nurse trainees, etc. mark "full-time work" and answer questions 11 to 16 with regard to this vocational training.
Persons being vocationally retrained, provided that their employment is maintained or they receive health insurance through the labor administration, mark the box "full-time work", and in question 11 to 16 give statements regarding your prior profession (not "employment agency").
Persons attending vocational preparatory courses: if this is a full-time course these persons mark "pupils, students", if this is an evening course, mark the box "other livelihood".
Persons receiving "Sondernotstandshilfe" are not considered unemployed and mark "other livelihood".
Other livelihood is marked in cases of e.g. rent, support through relatives, receipt of alimony, social aid, special aid, special supplementary retirement payment, etc.
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| 1 | Self-employed and family worker in agriculture |
| 2 | Self-employed and family worker in technical and scientific occupations |
| 3 | Self-employed in product and service occupations |
| 4 | Employee - non-manual, university degree |
| 5 | Employee - non-manual, higher education |
| 6 | Employee - non-manual, intermediate education |
| 7 | Employee - non-manual, vocational education |
| 8 | Employee - non-manual, compulsory education |
| 9 | Skilled manual worker |
| 10 | Semi-skilled manual worker |
| 11 | Unskilled manual worker |
| 13 | Not economically active |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Interviewer instructions
10, Are you:
Possible answers:
a employed: full time (33 hours or more per week), part time (12 to 32 hours per work)
b not employed, rather: unemployed, parental or maternity leave, military draftee in the armed forces or civil servant, pension from own employment, widow pension, homemaker, pupil or student, child without current school attendance, other livelihood.
This question refers to the situation in last weeks prior to the census day only in cases of doubt (e.g. change of employer) to May 15, 1991.
Employed: Persons over the age of 15 that work 12 hours or more per week are considered "employed." This also includes those persons who are self-employed or who are unpaid workers in a family business.
Full-time or part-time: Employed persons mark whether they are employed full-time or part-time. The 33 hour limit for the full employment should be understood as a benchmark: so that teachers mark "full employment" if they have a full teaching commitment. Other professional groups such as freelancers, judges, etc. also mark "full-time employment" even if their weekly working hours are less than 33. This also applies to employees in businesses with "short time work." If several part-time jobs are performed, "full employment" should be marked, provided that the sum of these activities amounts to 33 hours or more per week.
Unemployed: Persons over the age of 15 years are considered unemployed if they are not in an employment relationship and are seeking work or an apprenticeship, regardless of whether they receive unemployment or relief benefits.
Persons who were never employed and are presently seeking work or an apprenticeship also mark "unemployed" and enter "no profession yet" for question 12 (exact description of occupation). Answering questions 11 and 13 is not required for these persons.
Pensioners: are persons that receive their won retirement benefits and/or survivors' pension benefits and are not employed with an average minimum working time of 12 hours per week.
Homemakers: this box should be marked by persons who hare occupied with work in their own household and are supported by their spouse (partner).
[p. 73]
Pupils, students: persons who are not employed (at least 12 working hours per week) and are currently attending a school, university, etc. mark this box and answer questions 14 to 16 for this school attendance.
Persons currently in practical vocational training, such as persons being trained as teachers, interns, unpaid trainees, police school students, nursing school students, etc. are considered in "full-time employment" and answer questions 11 to 16 with regard to this vocational training.
Persons undergoing professional retraining, provided that their employment is maintained or they receive health insurance through the labor administration, mark the box "full-time employment" and give statements regarding their previous profession (not "employment agency") in questions 11 to 16.
Persons attending vocational preparatory courses: if this is a full-time course, these persons mark "pupils, students." If this is an evening course, the box "other livelihood" should be marked.
Persons receiving "special relief benefits" are not considered unemployed and mark "other livelihood."
Other livelihood is marked for example: rent, support by relatives, receipt of alimony, social aid, other support, special supplementary retirement payment, etc.
Enumerator guideline:
Question 10 must be answered by all persons. However, only on single answer may be made - except for retired persons (individual and widow pension).
Who is employed?
For workers in a family business, especially housewives that assist in the business of their husband, retired persons with secondary job and working students, it can often be difficult to decide if they are employed. In such cases, an average weekly minimum working time of 12 hours is given in the instructions as a decision aid. Those who work at least 12 hours weekly on average are considered "employed," and those who work less are considered "unemployed."
Farmers are considered employed in so far as they spend at least 12 hours weekly for the regulation of the business.
Wives of farmers were entered differently in the last population census. In any case, please go according to if the wife of the farmer works in the stall and in the field (=employed) or only performs house work (=housewife). In cases of doubt, please pay attention to the 12 hour per week benchmark.
Members of a religious order (e.g. nuns) are considered employed. The further questions (11 to 16) are answered for their spiritual or secular profession (e.g. Kindergarten teacher, nurse).
Persons in disabled places of employment are considered employed and answer the further questions on the person questionnaire about the job that they practice in this work place.
Persons who only practice a job voluntarily are not considered employed.
"Setting the course" with question 10
Which questions of the person questionnaire must still be answered is decided with the answer to question 10.
Employed (full and part time): All questions of the right half of the questionnaire should be answered.
Unemployed: Questions 11 to 13 should be answered for the last job practiced. Persons who have not yet been employed and are now searching for a job or apprenticeship are excepted. These persons answer question 12 with "no profession yet."
Parental leave, maternity leave: Questions 11 to 13 should be answered for the last job practiced.
Military draftees in the Austrian Armed Forces and civil servants: Questions 15 and 16 should be answered for the route to the barracks or to the place of service.
Retirement pension from own employment: Questions 11 and 12 should be answered for the last job practiced.
Only widow or widower's pension: No further questions should be answered.
Homemakers: No further questions should be answered.
Pupils, students: Questions 14 to 16 should be answered for the current school attendance.
Child without current school attendance: No further questions should be answered.
Other livelihood: No further questions should be answered.
[p. 74]
Purpose of the question:
With this question it is determined who is "employed" (and therefore must answer further occupational questions). The structural data about employed persons and commuters are among the most important results of the population census.
The numbers about employed persons are further needed for calculating general and specific labor force participation rates and are used as a basis for different predictions.
Information about participation in working life is important for labor market analyses and international comparisons. Especially of interest are the type and scope of the employment of older employees, women, youth and foreigners. Data about full and part time employment in connection with information about gender, age and marital status gain increasing weight in the face of growing importance of part time work, especially for family policy and at regional levels.
The question regarding the predominant livelihood of the non employed population makes it possible to subdivide these persons according to the predominant source of livelihood. This differentiation is of central importance for many economic and socio-political questions, for example: the dependent children and homemakers of employed persons, the employment of in the course of age as well as the numerical proportion of employed and retired persons.
11 to 16, occupational questions:
If several employment relationships exist, please answer question 11 to 16 for the profession with the most working hours.
If you are changing employment relationships at the time of the population census, please answer questions 11 to 16 for the situation on May 15, 1991.
Persons who are employed as well as attending a school, answer questions 11 to 16 depending on if they designated themselves as "employed" or "student, pupil" in question 10.
Purpose of the question:
The results of the populations census in occupational and economic areas are of great importance for the planning administration, the economy, research and the representation of interests, because they present a cross section of the total of all employed persons. Other surveys (like e.g. local unit of employment census or the social insurance institutes) also provide data in this area, but not with the diversity, objectivity, and regional subdivision and combination possibilities of the population census.
11, Occupational status:
Possible answers: "skilled worker," "semi-skilled worker," "unskilled worker," "apprenticeship," "employee/civil servant," "self-employed with or without employees," "workers in a family business."
Workers mark "skilled worker, "semi-skilled worker, or "unskilled worker" depending on how they are classified by collective agreement in their company.
A person is self-employed if they are not an employee in an employment relationship, rather practice a profession on their own behalf. With/without employees: depends on if persons receiving wages or salaries are employed in the business or not. Self-employed persons who only employee family members without formal pay mark "without employees."
[p. 75]
Unpaid workers in a family business are working in the business of a family member without formal pay.
Purpose of the question:
The "occupational status" describes the legal status or the collectively agreed classification that a person has in a company. The data do not only give information on the degree of responsibility in the company, rather also serves as an element for subdivision of the population and employed persons according to socioeconomic status. Different analyses about the occupational structure are only meaningful in combination with the occupational status (e.g. the demand for freelance and employed doctors).
Possible answers:
a employed: full time (33 hours or more per week), part time (12 to 32 hours per work)
b not employed, rather: unemployed, parental or maternity leave, military draftee in the armed forces or civil servant, pension from own employment, widow pension, homemaker, pupil or student, child without current school attendance, other livelihood.
This question refers to the situation in last weeks prior to the census day only in cases of doubt (e.g. change of employer) to May 15, 1991.
Employed: Persons over the age of 15 that work 12 hours or more per week are considered "employed." This also includes those persons who are self-employed or who are unpaid workers in a family business.
Full-time or part-time: Employed persons mark whether they are employed full-time or part-time. The 33 hour limit for the full employment should be understood as a benchmark: so that teachers mark "full employment" if they have a full teaching commitment. Other professional groups such as freelancers, judges, etc. also mark "full-time employment" even if their weekly working hours are less than 33. This also applies to employees in businesses with "short time work." If several part-time jobs are performed, "full employment" should be marked, provided that the sum of these activities amounts to 33 hours or more per week.
Unemployed: Persons over the age of 15 years are considered unemployed if they are not in an employment relationship and are seeking work or an apprenticeship, regardless of whether they receive unemployment or relief benefits.
Persons who were never employed and are presently seeking work or an apprenticeship also mark "unemployed" and enter "no profession yet" for question 12 (exact description of occupation). Answering questions 11 and 13 is not required for these persons.
Pensioners: are persons that receive their won retirement benefits and/or survivors' pension benefits and are not employed with an average minimum working time of 12 hours per week.
Homemakers: this box should be marked by persons who hare occupied with work in their own household and are supported by their spouse (partner).
[p. 73]
Pupils, students: persons who are not employed (at least 12 working hours per week) and are currently attending a school, university, etc. mark this box and answer questions 14 to 16 for this school attendance.
Persons currently in practical vocational training, such as persons being trained as teachers, interns, unpaid trainees, police school students, nursing school students, etc. are considered in "full-time employment" and answer questions 11 to 16 with regard to this vocational training.
Persons undergoing professional retraining, provided that their employment is maintained or they receive health insurance through the labor administration, mark the box "full-time employment" and give statements regarding their previous profession (not "employment agency") in questions 11 to 16.
Persons attending vocational preparatory courses: if this is a full-time course, these persons mark "pupils, students." If this is an evening course, the box "other livelihood" should be marked.
Persons receiving "special relief benefits" are not considered unemployed and mark "other livelihood."
Other livelihood is marked for example: rent, support by relatives, receipt of alimony, social aid, other support, special supplementary retirement payment, etc.
Enumerator guideline:
Question 10 must be answered by all persons. However, only on single answer may be made - except for retired persons (individual and widow pension).
Who is employed?
For workers in a family business, especially housewives that assist in the business of their husband, retired persons with secondary job and working students, it can often be difficult to decide if they are employed. In such cases, an average weekly minimum working time of 12 hours is given in the instructions as a decision aid. Those who work at least 12 hours weekly on average are considered "employed," and those who work less are considered "unemployed."
Farmers are considered employed in so far as they spend at least 12 hours weekly for the regulation of the business.
Wives of farmers were entered differently in the last population census. In any case, please go according to if the wife of the farmer works in the stall and in the field (=employed) or only performs house work (=housewife). In cases of doubt, please pay attention to the 12 hour per week benchmark.
Members of a religious order (e.g. nuns) are considered employed. The further questions (11 to 16) are answered for their spiritual or secular profession (e.g. Kindergarten teacher, nurse).
Persons in disabled places of employment are considered employed and answer the further questions on the person questionnaire about the job that they practice in this work place.
Persons who only practice a job voluntarily are not considered employed.
"Setting the course" with question 10
Which questions of the person questionnaire must still be answered is decided with the answer to question 10.
Employed (full and part time): All questions of the right half of the questionnaire should be answered.
Unemployed: Questions 11 to 13 should be answered for the last job practiced. Persons who have not yet been employed and are now searching for a job or apprenticeship are excepted. These persons answer question 12 with "no profession yet."
Parental leave, maternity leave: Questions 11 to 13 should be answered for the last job practiced.
Military draftees in the Austrian Armed Forces and civil servants: Questions 15 and 16 should be answered for the route to the barracks or to the place of service.
Retirement pension from own employment: Questions 11 and 12 should be answered for the last job practiced.
Only widow or widower's pension: No further questions should be answered.
Homemakers: No further questions should be answered.
Pupils, students: Questions 14 to 16 should be answered for the current school attendance.
Child without current school attendance: No further questions should be answered.
Other livelihood: No further questions should be answered.
[p. 74]
Purpose of the question:
With this question it is determined who is "employed" (and therefore must answer further occupational questions). The structural data about employed persons and commuters are among the most important results of the population census.
The numbers about employed persons are further needed for calculating general and specific labor force participation rates and are used as a basis for different predictions.
Information about participation in working life is important for labor market analyses and international comparisons. Especially of interest are the type and scope of the employment of older employees, women, youth and foreigners. Data about full and part time employment in connection with information about gender, age and marital status gain increasing weight in the face of growing importance of part time work, especially for family policy and at regional levels.
The question regarding the predominant livelihood of the non employed population makes it possible to subdivide these persons according to the predominant source of livelihood. This differentiation is of central importance for many economic and socio-political questions, for example: the dependent children and homemakers of employed persons, the employment of in the course of age as well as the numerical proportion of employed and retired persons.
11 to 16, occupational questions:
If several employment relationships exist, please answer question 11 to 16 for the profession with the most working hours.
If you are changing employment relationships at the time of the population census, please answer questions 11 to 16 for the situation on May 15, 1991.
Persons who are employed as well as attending a school, answer questions 11 to 16 depending on if they designated themselves as "employed" or "student, pupil" in question 10.
Purpose of the question:
The results of the populations census in occupational and economic areas are of great importance for the planning administration, the economy, research and the representation of interests, because they present a cross section of the total of all employed persons. Other surveys (like e.g. local unit of employment census or the social insurance institutes) also provide data in this area, but not with the diversity, objectivity, and regional subdivision and combination possibilities of the population census.
11, Occupational status:
Possible answers: "skilled worker," "semi-skilled worker," "unskilled worker," "apprenticeship," "employee/civil servant," "self-employed with or without employees," "workers in a family business."
Workers mark "skilled worker, "semi-skilled worker, or "unskilled worker" depending on how they are classified by collective agreement in their company.
A person is self-employed if they are not an employee in an employment relationship, rather practice a profession on their own behalf. With/without employees: depends on if persons receiving wages or salaries are employed in the business or not. Self-employed persons who only employee family members without formal pay mark "without employees."
[p. 75]
Unpaid workers in a family business are working in the business of a family member without formal pay.
Purpose of the question:
The "occupational status" describes the legal status or the collectively agreed classification that a person has in a company. The data do not only give information on the degree of responsibility in the company, rather also serves as an element for subdivision of the population and employed persons according to socioeconomic status. Different analyses about the occupational structure are only meaningful in combination with the occupational status (e.g. the demand for freelance and employed doctors).
Description
Definition
This variable indicates the socio-economic group of the person or the person's "supporter." The variable reports the actual status for people who were economically active. Economically inactive children reported the status of the household head or working parent, if the head did not work. Other household members reported they were inactive if they were retired or self-supporting non-workers; otherwise they reported the status of the household head.
Universe
All persons
concept
Concept
| var_concept.title | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Work Variables -- PERSON | IPUMS |