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    Home / Central Data Catalog / SA / UNHCR_PAN_2023_BPM_V2.1
SA

Border Protection Monitoring, 2022 - 2023

Panama, 2022 - 2023
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Reference ID
UNHCR_PAN_2023_BPM_v2.1
Producer(s)
UNHCR
Collections
Americas Protection Monitoring
Metadata
Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON
Study website
Created on
Aug 16, 2023
Last modified
Aug 17, 2023
Page views
657
  • Study Description
  • Data Dictionary
  • Downloads
  • Get Microdata
  • Identification
  • Version
  • Scope
  • Coverage
  • Producers and sponsors
  • Sampling
  • Data Collection
  • Questionnaires
  • Access policy
  • Metadata production

Identification

Survey ID Number
UNHCR_PAN_2023_BPM_v2.1
Title
Border Protection Monitoring, 2022 - 2023
Country
Name Country code
Panama PAN
Abstract
Darien is Panama’s largest and poorest province. Bordering Colombia, the province hosts a 60-mile-deep jungle, the only breaking point of the Pan-American Highway, linking the continent from south to north. Darien is a transit location for thousands of refugees and migrants, most of them coming from Haiti, Venezuela, Cuba, and African and South Asian nations.
According to official statistics of the Panamanian National Migration Service (SNM), from 2010 to 2020 some 120,000 people crossed through this area. In 2021 and 2022, Panama faced an unprecedented mixed movement crisis, with nearly 400,000 people making this perilous journey through the jungle. In 2022, a total of 248,284 people entered the country irregularly through Darien.
Before they arrived at the Darien jungle, many of these refugees and migrants had previously crossed multiple countries often through unofficial border crossings, resulting in increased protection risks. These vulnerabilities were further exacerbated, during their journey through the jungle, by many risks and incidents which include, but are not limited to, thefts, physical and sexual attacks, murder, and extortion. Many of these refugees and migrants were also undocumented, limiting their access to basic services.
Due to protection concerns, in July 2022, UNHCR started collecting monthly information on the characteristics, vulnerabilities, and protection needs of refugees and migrants entering Panama through the Darien jungle.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Individual

Version

Version Description
v2.1: Edited, cleaned and anonymised data.

Scope

Notes
The scope includes:
- individual demographics
- movement details
- protection
- basic needs
Topics
Topic
Protection
Food security
Basic Needs

Coverage

Geographic Coverage
Data collection happened in key transit points in Darien and Chiriqui provinces such as: reception points San Vicente, Lajas Blancas, and Los Planes de Gualaca, in addition to the city of David and the town of Paso Canoas.

Producers and sponsors

Primary investigators
Name
UNHCR

Sampling

Sampling Procedure
Given the dynamic and challenging context for data collection in these locations, the surveys were collected using non-probability quota sampling. A stratified quota was drawn using proportions from the Panamanian National Migration Service’s official statistics, based on the top ten nationalities in transit. A minimum of 100 surveys were collected during each monthly data collection cycle.

Data Collection

Dates of Data Collection
Start End
2022-06-28 2023-06-08
Data Collection Mode
Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]
Data Collection Notes
Data collection was conducted by UNHCR Multi-Functional team with staff based in Panama, Darien and Chiriquí offices, through a structured tool deployed from UNHCR’s secure server on KOBO Toolbox platform.
Data Collectors
Name
UNHCR

Questionnaires

Questionnaires
The questionnaire contained the following sections: introduction, personal information, reasons for leaving the country of origin, reasons for leaving the country of establishment, destination country, arrival and access to territory, protection incidents, specific condition, access to food and basic services.

Access policy

Contacts
Name Affiliation Email
Curation team UNHCR microdata@unhcr.org
Citation requirements
UNHCR (2023). Panama: Border Protection Monitoring, 2022 - 2023. Accessed from: https://microdata.unhcr.org

Metadata production

DDI Document ID
UNHCR_PAN_2023_BPM_v2.1
Producers
Name
UNHCR
Date of Metadata Production
2023-08-15
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